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The economic position of Dutch women continues to lag behind that of Dutch men and becomes most apparent after parenthood (also referred to as the ‘motherhood penalty’). This project explores if circumstances surrounding the pregnancy influence the economic consequences for women. Specifically, it explores if the motherhood penalty depends on the level to which the pregnancy was planned or not. In addition, it will examine if the association between unintended births and the economic position of women differs by educational level, ethnic background, and relationship status. By doing so, the project aims to shed new light on the origins of vulnerable families with young children.
